United States

56.4%

35.6%

66.1%

81.3%

95.4%

98.9%

43.2%

96.5%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

28.6%

23.6%

40.3%

56.2%

53.8%

100.0%

25.9%

69.2%

Mining and manufacturing

69.7%

45.8%

80.9%

90.1%

97.4%

99.7%

59.5%

97.1%

Construction

42.3%

31.2%

68.8%

86.3%

93.3%

98.5%

39.4%

93.0%

Utilities and transp.

58.6%

29.9%

69.7%

91.0%

98.1%

99.9%

39.7%

99.2%

Wholesale trade

68.2%

45.6%

85.1%

96.8%

99.6%

100.0%

57.7%

99.8%

Fin. svs. and real estate

66.3%

38.0%

82.0%

93.3%

97.6%

98.6%

44.8%

98.2%

Retail trade

60.1%

27.8%

61.3%

80.8%

96.5%

99.5%

36.5%

97.9%

Professional services

61.1%

44.4%

77.1%

89.1%

96.5%

97.8%

51.8%

96.5%

Other services

47.8%

29.8%

48.0%

64.8%

90.6%

98.6%

35.3%

93.1%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

61.1%

38.5%

67.7%

80.8%

95.3%

98.9%

46.7%

96.6%

For profit, unincorporated

40.3%

28.5%

55.4%

74.6%

92.4%

98.7%

32.6%

94.6%

Nonprofit

64.2%

40.4%

73.4%

92.6%

97.5%

99.9%

50.9%

97.9%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

29.6%

23.4%

42.8%

64.9%

80.1%

94.0%

27.5%

81.1%

5-9 years

39.5%

31.8%

59.3%

66.5%

88.6%

96.7%

36.8%

84.9%

10-19 years

48.8%

37.4%

65.6%

79.6%

93.7%

94.0%

44.0%

92.0%

20 or more years

66.7%

42.9%

75.4%

88.7%

96.5%

99.3%

52.9%

97.2%

Unknown

95.0%

12.7%

*

20.5%

*

55.9%

96.7%

99.0%

18.2%

98.6%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

95.4%

60.8%

74.3%

86.4%

96.4%

98.9%

76.7%

97.5%

1 location only

43.9%

35.4%

65.4%

79.1%

89.8%

91.9%

42.0%

88.7%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

21.0%

7.6%

24.3%

47.1%

79.6%

97.0%

11.0%

88.3%

25-49 %

56.3%

30.0%

51.5%

60.8%

90.6%

98.7%

37.0%

93.4%

50-74 %

55.8%

38.2%

56.6%

78.0%

94.4%

98.9%

43.1%

95.9%

75% or more

63.4%

42.3%

77.7%

89.5%

97.8%

99.1%

51.2%

97.8%

Union presence

No union employees

54.1%

35.9%

66.3%

81.6%

95.2%

98.6%

43.3%

95.7%

Has union employees

79.4%

35.5%

67.2%

90.9%

98.9%

99.6%

48.3%

99.2%

Unknown

78.5%

16.0%

47.1%

40.2%

95.2%

99.3%

23.0%

98.2%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

41.8%

18.4%

36.6%

60.1%

91.4%

98.0%

23.4%

93.5%

Less than 50% low wage

63.8%

44.0%

79.3%

91.8%

97.6%

99.4%

52.8%

98.1%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

* Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.

United States

0.41%

0.53%

0.73%

1.10%

0.46%

0.15%

0.49%

0.18%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

2.35%

1.88%

10.45%

9.76%

14.50%

23.57%

2.25%

8.39%

Mining and manufacturing

1.35%

1.76%

3.38%

1.77%

1.13%

0.29%

1.80%

0.77%

Construction

1.14%

1.67%

3.09%

2.96%

3.61%

1.01%

1.14%

1.63%

Utilities and transp.

2.05%

2.22%

3.97%

2.81%

1.38%

0.10%

1.84%

0.32%

Wholesale trade

1.72%

2.50%

2.22%

1.96%

0.27%

0.00%

2.33%

0.14%

Fin. svs. and real estate

1.01%

1.28%

4.45%

1.69%

0.83%

0.59%

1.20%

0.45%

Retail trade

1.04%

1.05%

3.12%

2.12%

1.43%

0.23%

1.18%

0.29%

Professional services

0.72%

0.93%

2.30%

1.06%

0.70%

0.62%

0.78%

0.47%

Other services

0.85%

1.21%

2.18%

1.95%

1.45%

0.42%

0.99%

0.74%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

0.39%

0.69%

1.01%

1.29%

0.49%

0.21%

0.59%

0.19%

For profit, unincorporated

0.76%

0.81%

2.65%

2.18%

1.10%

0.56%

0.87%

0.37%

Nonprofit

1.59%

2.40%

2.33%

1.31%

0.88%

0.06%

1.89%

0.53%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

0.71%

0.87%

3.06%

2.69%

3.78%

7.88%

0.79%

3.66%

5-9 years

0.79%

1.09%

2.02%

3.75%

3.19%

1.58%

0.90%

3.30%

10-19 years

0.81%

0.81%

1.85%

2.17%

0.93%

2.16%

0.87%

0.81%

20 or more years

0.57%

0.86%

1.15%

1.10%

0.63%

0.22%

0.74%

0.22%

Unknown

0.42%

3.91%

*

6.56%

*

10.68%

1.42%

0.24%

3.61%

0.20%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

0.22%

4.15%

3.11%

1.80%

0.30%

0.15%

1.77%

0.16%

1 location only

0.52%

0.55%

0.80%

1.44%

2.23%

3.04%

0.54%

0.80%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

0.80%

0.78%

2.17%

3.40%

5.14%

1.44%

0.59%

2.31%

25-49 %

1.05%

1.58%

3.49%

4.22%

1.54%

0.62%

1.77%

0.71%

50-74 %

0.72%

1.03%

1.64%

2.04%

1.45%

0.49%

0.81%

0.77%

75% or more

0.47%

0.68%

0.83%

0.78%

0.45%

0.21%

0.56%

0.13%

Union presence

No union employees

0.43%

0.55%

0.70%

0.96%

0.51%

0.17%

0.52%

0.24%

Has union employees

1.51%

3.12%

5.73%

2.89%

0.38%

0.26%

2.46%

0.39%

Unknown

2.00%

3.62%

11.01%

8.46%

2.17%

0.33%

4.38%

0.47%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

0.67%

0.75%

1.85%

1.65%

0.80%

0.47%

0.81%

0.36%

Less than 50% low wage

0.46%

0.70%

0.59%

0.84%

0.47%

0.21%

0.56%

0.23%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

* Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.