United States

78.1%

82.2%

78.3%

75.2%

75.4%

79.4%

78.5%

78.0%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

69.6%

72.3%

60.3%

52.2%

68.0%

93.3%

61.7%

74.9%

Mining and manufacturing

92.2%

85.7%

85.9%

89.4%

92.3%

93.8%

85.9%

93.1%

Construction

80.7%

86.3%

83.3%

84.4%

72.4%

78.2%

85.5%

76.3%

Utilities and transp.

86.0%

84.1%

84.3%

75.0%

88.4%

87.3%

82.4%

86.5%

Wholesale trade

88.7%

88.7%

88.9%

90.7%

88.9%

87.6%

89.6%

88.3%

Fin. svs. and real estate

88.2%

88.4%

87.1%

82.9%

85.2%

89.5%

87.1%

88.4%

Retail trade

66.6%

78.6%

73.6%

75.9%

69.4%

63.6%

76.1%

64.9%

Professional services

81.5%

83.5%

82.4%

80.2%

76.4%

83.9%

82.5%

81.2%

Other services

62.7%

74.2%

62.6%

53.2%

53.7%

67.8%

61.6%

63.0%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

78.9%

83.6%

80.7%

78.4%

77.1%

79.0%

80.5%

78.6%

For profit, unincorporated

76.0%

83.7%

73.7%

66.8%

75.6%

77.8%

76.6%

75.8%

Nonprofit

75.8%

67.0%

66.6%

68.0%

70.5%

83.3%

66.8%

77.2%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

68.5%

81.2%

72.0%

64.5%

55.3%

74.5%

73.1%

63.5%

5-9 years

75.7%

82.9%

74.8%

72.0%

72.4%

81.3%

76.3%

75.1%

10-19 years

75.1%

83.3%

78.8%

71.9%

73.9%

72.7%

78.6%

73.0%

20 or more years

78.2%

81.5%

80.0%

78.4%

77.0%

78.1%

79.9%

77.7%

Unknown

80.9%

79.3%

100.0%

61.6%

74.9%

81.1%

77.6%

80.9%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

79.4%

81.9%

85.0%

78.9%

77.7%

79.7%

81.6%

79.3%

1 location only

75.7%

82.2%

78.0%

74.4%

72.6%

70.4%

78.3%

73.0%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

38.3%

43.5%

28.1%

25.5%

32.6%

45.9%

27.9%

40.6%

25-49 %

46.9%

45.3%

42.1%

39.0%

42.2%

51.3%

43.0%

47.7%

50-74 %

67.1%

68.8%

62.9%

58.5%

62.9%

70.2%

63.5%

67.9%

75% or more

86.0%

90.3%

87.2%

85.1%

84.0%

86.4%

87.6%

85.6%

Union presence

No union employees

77.0%

82.1%

78.3%

75.0%

75.7%

77.4%

78.4%

76.6%

Has union employees

80.8%

84.6%

78.3%

78.9%

75.2%

82.1%

80.2%

80.8%

Unknown

80.9%

83.1%

82.3%

72.4%

68.5%

81.6%

76.9%

81.0%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

58.6%

67.6%

53.7%

51.0%

56.0%

61.4%

54.3%

59.4%

Less than 50% low wage

84.5%

84.8%

84.0%

83.0%

82.7%

85.6%

84.1%

84.6%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.

United States

0.38%

0.47%

0.98%

0.83%

0.74%

0.55%

0.36%

0.43%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

4.63%

6.59%

13.01%

11.15%

13.51%

22.16%

5.66%

9.88%

Mining and manufacturing

0.58%

2.31%

2.26%

1.24%

1.37%

0.78%

1.91%

0.59%

Construction

1.80%

0.99%

1.61%

2.45%

4.14%

5.52%

1.10%

2.99%

Utilities and transp.

1.29%

2.30%

7.45%

4.74%

1.61%

1.65%

2.48%

1.56%

Wholesale trade

1.02%

1.06%

1.35%

1.24%

2.46%

2.46%

0.99%

1.37%

Fin. svs. and real estate

0.85%

1.07%

2.91%

1.80%

2.44%

1.06%

0.91%

1.02%

Retail trade

0.88%

1.73%

2.39%

1.52%

1.44%

1.22%

2.04%

1.04%

Professional services

0.40%

0.70%

0.83%

1.07%

1.18%

0.61%

0.43%

0.55%

Other services

1.03%

1.31%

2.10%

1.96%

1.81%

1.57%

1.36%

1.33%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

0.45%

0.40%

1.13%

0.58%

0.94%

0.68%

0.59%

0.48%

For profit, unincorporated

0.96%

1.17%

1.55%

3.01%

2.00%

1.70%

1.41%

1.25%

Nonprofit

0.68%

1.52%

2.93%

2.25%

1.63%

1.29%

0.82%

0.88%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

1.55%

1.80%

2.32%

3.40%

6.24%

8.24%

1.64%

3.67%

5-9 years

1.14%

1.05%

2.63%

1.92%

2.59%

4.27%

1.34%

1.87%

10-19 years

1.03%

1.00%

2.13%

2.33%

2.31%

3.44%

0.99%

1.46%

20 or more years

0.47%

0.52%

0.94%

0.65%

0.63%

1.13%

0.49%

0.56%

Unknown

0.63%

17.60%

29.81%

11.02%

2.35%

0.57%

6.41%

0.63%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

0.38%

5.26%

3.01%

0.90%

0.90%

0.54%

1.29%

0.38%

1 location only

0.50%

0.47%

0.97%

0.98%

1.07%

2.97%

0.39%

0.82%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

2.54%

4.64%

3.14%

2.79%

3.73%

4.76%

2.18%

3.26%

25-49 %

1.98%

1.47%

1.93%

1.32%

1.88%

3.05%

1.65%

2.39%

50-74 %

0.84%

0.83%

1.66%

1.99%

1.62%

0.97%

1.20%

0.91%

75% or more

0.36%

0.46%

0.58%

0.58%

0.89%

0.50%

0.33%

0.42%

Union presence

No union employees

0.35%

0.52%

1.03%

0.87%

0.91%

0.61%

0.40%

0.41%

Has union employees

1.30%

4.32%

4.45%

3.93%

1.86%

1.51%

2.98%

1.32%

Unknown

0.51%

5.01%

9.96%

8.77%

4.56%

0.66%

4.74%

0.50%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

0.63%

1.14%

1.70%

1.50%

1.01%

0.88%

0.95%

0.81%

Less than 50% low wage

0.36%

0.45%

0.73%

0.66%

0.96%

0.50%

0.24%

0.43%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.