United States

78.7%

79.2%

74.3%

74.8%

78.4%

80.2%

76.0%

79.3%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

88.0%

92.8%

90.2%

83.1%

86.3%

88.3%

86.5%

88.8%

Mining and manufacturing

84.8%

78.5%

73.4%

79.3%

83.8%

88.1%

76.6%

86.0%

Construction

78.8%

78.6%

76.0%

77.0%

80.2%

86.9%

77.7%

80.0%

Utilities and transp.

87.2%

74.1%

75.9%

80.7%

81.9%

90.4%

76.1%

88.5%

Wholesale trade

84.3%

83.6%

75.7%

80.8%

84.2%

88.5%

78.8%

86.4%

Fin. svs. and real estate

85.5%

77.6%

79.1%

84.1%

83.4%

87.0%

79.5%

86.3%

Retail trade

71.2%

77.2%

72.5%

70.1%

71.4%

70.8%

73.2%

70.8%

Professional services

80.1%

79.9%

76.3%

75.1%

78.8%

82.4%

77.2%

80.8%

Other services

66.2%

78.2%

67.6%

64.1%

65.0%

65.4%

70.6%

65.1%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

78.6%

79.4%

73.7%

74.9%

78.1%

80.2%

75.8%

79.2%

For profit, unincorporated

77.1%

77.7%

77.6%

71.5%

77.9%

78.2%

76.3%

77.4%

Nonprofit

80.6%

81.4%

75.3%

77.9%

79.7%

82.0%

77.3%

81.0%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

74.2%

79.9%

73.2%

68.2%

74.5%

79.7%

75.1%

73.0%

5-9 years

75.9%

79.3%

73.0%

74.9%

77.2%

74.4%

75.3%

76.5%

10-19 years

74.8%

79.4%

76.2%

74.5%

74.9%

70.4%

77.0%

73.2%

20 or more years

77.8%

78.8%

74.0%

75.7%

79.1%

78.3%

75.9%

78.3%

Unknown

82.7%

76.2%

100.0%

78.0%

81.8%

82.8%

88.2%

82.7%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

79.8%

77.2%

75.6%

76.9%

78.7%

80.2%

76.6%

79.8%

1 location only

76.5%

79.2%

74.3%

74.4%

78.0%

80.5%

76.0%

77.0%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

64.4%

82.2%

63.0%

53.4%

47.3%

70.3%

71.1%

63.4%

25-49 %

60.7%

79.9%

64.1%

58.8%

64.8%

57.9%

66.9%

59.6%

50-74 %

72.2%

76.5%

72.3%

64.2%

73.0%

72.7%

71.6%

72.3%

75% or more

81.1%

79.5%

75.2%

77.2%

80.6%

83.3%

77.1%

82.0%

Union presence

No union employees

76.8%

78.9%

74.1%

74.0%

77.6%

77.6%

75.6%

77.2%

Has union employees

83.9%

86.2%

83.7%

85.1%

82.8%

84.0%

87.9%

83.7%

Unknown

82.6%

90.8%

65.9%

79.5%

81.8%

82.8%

74.1%

82.7%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

65.4%

78.7%

63.2%

60.5%

63.7%

66.2%

67.0%

65.1%

Less than 50% low wage

81.7%

79.2%

76.0%

77.7%

82.1%

83.7%

77.4%

82.8%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.

United States

0.34%

0.51%

0.44%

0.37%

0.25%

0.63%

0.28%

0.40%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

2.12%

1.64%

16.83%

13.83%

15.90%

22.79%

2.95%

4.61%

Mining and manufacturing

0.61%

2.59%

2.15%

0.73%

1.36%

0.71%

0.65%

0.70%

Construction

1.03%

2.11%

2.84%

1.62%

2.27%

1.02%

1.46%

1.31%

Utilities and transp.

0.81%

5.02%

3.87%

2.64%

2.51%

0.52%

3.21%

0.66%

Wholesale trade

0.51%

2.26%

1.63%

1.75%

1.06%

1.41%

1.18%

0.68%

Fin. svs. and real estate

0.65%

2.16%

3.60%

1.13%

1.47%

0.91%

1.56%

0.74%

Retail trade

0.87%

2.14%

2.09%

1.66%

2.34%

1.15%

1.19%

0.97%

Professional services

0.43%

0.50%

0.86%

0.68%

0.50%

0.76%

0.41%

0.52%

Other services

1.21%

1.36%

1.92%

1.84%

1.47%

1.64%

1.11%

1.42%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

0.46%

0.69%

0.70%

0.48%

0.61%

0.80%

0.46%

0.54%

For profit, unincorporated

0.60%

0.75%

1.69%

1.29%

1.43%

0.92%

0.86%

0.72%

Nonprofit

0.45%

1.96%

2.76%

0.82%

0.51%

0.66%

1.82%

0.46%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

1.65%

2.12%

2.79%

2.57%

2.97%

4.33%

1.45%

2.81%

5-9 years

1.09%

1.07%

1.88%

1.79%

2.57%

3.57%

1.11%

1.92%

10-19 years

0.49%

1.07%

1.76%

1.16%

0.89%

2.05%

0.60%

0.66%

20 or more years

0.39%

0.27%

0.95%

0.63%

0.48%

0.92%

0.53%

0.48%

Unknown

0.48%

17.45%

29.81%

11.15%

1.85%

0.52%

7.41%

0.48%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

0.43%

2.68%

3.64%

0.92%

0.63%

0.56%

1.39%

0.44%

1 location only

0.29%

0.52%

0.55%

0.46%

0.73%

4.44%

0.28%

0.59%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

4.07%

4.74%

6.91%

5.06%

4.89%

4.48%

3.62%

4.31%

25-49 %

2.13%

2.25%

3.63%

2.82%

3.24%

3.32%

1.77%

2.64%

50-74 %

1.06%

1.78%

1.88%

1.36%

1.43%

1.27%

1.59%

1.14%

75% or more

0.23%

0.47%

0.60%

0.50%

0.49%

0.45%

0.32%

0.25%

Union presence

No union employees

0.41%

0.49%

0.40%

0.41%

0.37%

0.98%

0.27%

0.54%

Has union employees

0.61%

3.49%

3.56%

3.05%

1.86%

0.65%

2.20%

0.65%

Unknown

0.66%

5.07%

9.77%

3.26%

4.71%

0.72%

4.43%

0.67%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

0.94%

1.51%

2.65%

1.30%

1.59%

1.00%

1.74%

0.93%

Less than 50% low wage

0.15%

0.68%

0.55%

0.57%

0.57%

0.47%

0.31%

0.23%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.