United States

91.0%

51.7%

76.8%

89.4%

97.5%

99.7%

68.8%

98.4%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

60.3%

32.8%

49.7%

68.3%

86.2%

100.0%

42.1%

85.6%

Mining and manufacturing

95.9%

60.1%

82.1%

91.6%

98.3%

100.0%

78.2%

99.0%

Construction

79.4%

44.6%

72.8%

90.8%

99.7%

99.6%

65.4%

97.6%

Utilities and transp.

94.3%

45.8%

73.4%

96.2%

98.9%

99.7%

66.2%

99.4%

Wholesale trade

93.9%

58.2%

90.0%

99.1%

98.2%

100.0%

81.5%

99.3%

Fin. svs. and real estate

95.3%

58.9%

87.9%

96.5%

98.8%

99.7%

73.3%

99.5%

Retail trade

91.6%

44.8%

76.6%

93.1%

98.8%

99.9%

67.5%

99.4%

Professional services

93.9%

61.6%

86.2%

95.1%

99.0%

99.9%

77.0%

99.3%

Other services

84.1%

43.5%

61.4%

75.2%

91.6%

98.8%

55.9%

95.3%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

91.6%

53.6%

77.9%

89.0%

97.3%

99.6%

71.0%

98.3%

For profit, unincorporated

83.1%

44.1%

68.1%

86.1%

95.7%

99.6%

56.4%

97.7%

Nonprofit

97.0%

66.1%

83.8%

95.8%

99.7%

100.0%

81.2%

99.7%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

63.5%

37.2%

59.0%

80.0%

81.8%

99.6%

50.8%

87.8%

5-9 years

72.4%

46.2%

72.9%

81.8%

94.5%

94.3%

60.2%

91.9%

10-19 years

81.2%

53.6%

73.7%

84.6%

96.1%

97.3%

66.3%

95.0%

20 or more years

93.8%

59.2%

82.7%

93.9%

98.8%

99.8%

77.6%

98.9%

Unknown

99.6%

21.7%

48.6%

*

69.8%

98.8%

99.9%

41.0%

99.8%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

99.2%

68.8%

84.5%

93.5%

98.6%

99.8%

88.7%

99.4%

1 location only

78.8%

51.5%

76.4%

88.6%

96.2%

97.1%

67.7%

94.8%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

76.4%

28.4%

46.3%

66.3%

85.0%

92.9%

44.3%

89.8%

25-49 %

82.2%

35.2%

54.8%

68.5%

91.4%

99.7%

48.5%

95.5%

50-74 %

87.1%

44.7%

61.7%

82.9%

97.1%

99.6%

56.6%

98.3%

75% or more

92.1%

53.9%

80.5%

91.5%

98.0%

99.7%

72.1%

98.6%

Union presence

No union employees

88.4%

51.9%

76.9%

89.5%

97.3%

99.5%

68.8%

97.9%

Has union employees

98.4%

54.8%

78.2%

95.2%

99.4%

99.9%

78.5%

99.7%

Unknown

97.6%

25.5%

62.7%

53.5%

95.4%

99.8%

46.1%

99.2%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

81.5%

26.9%

48.5%

70.7%

93.3%

99.2%

42.4%

95.6%

Less than 50% low wage

93.6%

59.3%

84.4%

95.0%

98.7%

99.8%

76.6%

99.2%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

* Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.

United States

0.21%

0.87%

0.87%

0.74%

0.22%

0.11%

0.41%

0.14%

Industry group **

Agric., fish., forest.

5.96%

2.93%

12.25%

11.81%

18.04%

23.57%

5.80%

10.75%

Mining and manufacturing

0.31%

2.44%

3.62%

1.70%

0.70%

0.02%

2.41%

0.27%

Construction

0.92%

1.89%

3.61%

1.50%

0.16%

0.25%

1.09%

0.64%

Utilities and transp.

0.44%

3.11%

5.45%

1.90%

0.65%

0.20%

2.45%

0.23%

Wholesale trade

0.62%

3.84%

1.70%

0.59%

1.87%

0.00%

2.22%

0.58%

Fin. svs. and real estate

0.45%

2.43%

3.55%

2.17%

0.54%

0.25%

2.02%

0.28%

Retail trade

0.20%

1.33%

3.71%

1.33%

0.57%

0.06%

1.77%

0.13%

Professional services

0.24%

1.14%

1.79%

0.68%

0.25%

0.03%

0.55%

0.11%

Other services

0.61%

1.42%

2.72%

2.86%

1.16%

0.48%

1.19%

0.65%

Ownership

For profit, incorporated

0.25%

1.30%

1.15%

0.93%

0.26%

0.15%

0.69%

0.17%

For profit, unincorporated

0.47%

1.70%

2.43%

1.91%

1.29%

0.28%

1.39%

0.38%

Nonprofit

0.27%

3.02%

2.77%

0.73%

0.13%

0.03%

1.61%

0.06%

Age of firm

Less than 5 years

1.36%

1.53%

2.53%

2.21%

4.41%

1.02%

1.40%

2.46%

5-9 years

1.61%

1.84%

2.37%

4.13%

2.51%

3.08%

1.34%

3.08%

10-19 years

0.89%

1.30%

2.66%

2.07%

1.09%

1.27%

1.37%

0.80%

20 or more years

0.33%

0.91%

1.59%

0.78%

0.25%

0.11%

0.87%

0.12%

Unknown

0.07%

6.12%

14.73%

*

11.88%

0.76%

0.06%

5.92%

0.06%

Multi/single status

2 or more locations

0.08%

5.18%

2.23%

1.65%

0.24%

0.06%

1.36%

0.06%

1 location only

0.46%

0.90%

0.90%

0.86%

0.53%

2.00%

0.50%

0.53%

Percent full-time employees

Less than 25%

2.35%

3.60%

5.46%

2.53%

5.90%

4.38%

3.00%

3.20%

25-49 %

0.93%

2.09%

4.02%

3.42%

2.24%

0.09%

2.14%

0.73%

50-74 %

0.56%

1.20%

1.90%

1.57%

1.16%

0.15%

1.04%

0.35%

75% or more

0.20%

1.11%

0.99%

0.69%

0.37%

0.09%

0.43%

0.17%

Union presence

No union employees

0.24%

0.90%

0.88%

0.70%

0.25%

0.19%

0.48%

0.22%

Has union employees

0.25%

6.06%

3.96%

2.00%

0.28%

0.08%

3.28%

0.20%

Unknown

0.27%

5.85%

11.59%

11.80%

2.93%

0.15%

7.61%

0.26%

Percent low wage employees

50% or more low wage

0.81%

1.25%

3.22%

2.11%

1.07%

0.32%

1.34%

0.50%

Less than 50% low wage

0.17%

1.03%

0.73%

0.53%

0.24%

0.08%

0.39%

0.10%

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends. 2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Insurance Component.

Note: Definitions and descriptions of the methods used for this survey can be found in the Technical Appendix.

* Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision.

** Definitions of industry groups and low-wage employees changed in 2000. These data are not comparable to IC data prior to 2000. See Technical Appendix.