Table 2. Total medical expensesa for injury-related conditions: United States, 1997
Injury-related total expenses
Population characteristic
Total in 
thousands
Per capita
Median
Mean
Total	$57,878,383	$213	10.8	$241	$1,330
Age in years
Under 16	3,487,397 	55	7.7	152	467
16-24	7,994,397 	239	25.6	239	1,508
25-44	18,611,425 	222	16.0	269	1,279
45-64	15,157,523 	269	9.6	297	1,468
65 and over	12,627,641 	369	6.8	283	2,155
Sex
Male	35,258,474 	266	14.9	248	1,536
Female	22,619,909 	163	7.5	233	1,101
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	4,271,511 	137	10.7	237	1,160
Black	4,165,598 	122	8.8	253	1,094
White	47,932,351 	246	11.0	240	1,369
Other	*1,508,922 	*137	12.4	261	1,512
Health insurance statusc
Under age 65:
Any private	34,458,675 	196	12.4	236	1,159
Public only	5,506,037 	198	11.0	234	1,395    Uninsured	*5,286,030 	*159	24.3	235	1,329
Age 65 and over
Medicare only	2,304,123 	269	5.7	251	1,608
Medicare and private	8,863,421 	402	7.5	278	2,273
Medicare and other public	1,460,097 	425	5.5	452	2,775
Poverty statusd
Poor	 6,956,216 	191	9.5	269	1,323
Near-poor	 2,530,134 	207	7.6	214	1,258
Low income	 8,944,592 	231	12.3	286	1,660
Middle income	 19,789,792 	220	11.1	250	1,309
High income	 19,657,648 	209	11.0	225	1,250
aTotal medical expenses include inpatient hospital and physician services, ambulatory physician and nonphysician services, and prescribed medicines purchased during the year. Expenses for over-the-counter medications, alternative care services, and telephone contacts are not included.  Expenses for durable medical equipment and other miscellaneous items are excluded because it was not possible to determine which of those expenses were associated with injuries.
bNumerator is total expenses for injuries. Denominator is total medical expenses for both injury- and non-injury-related conditions.
cUninsured refers to persons uninsured during the entire year. Public and private health insurance categories refer to individuals with public or private insurance at any time during the period. Individuals with both public and private insurance and those with CHAMPUS or CHAMPVA (Armed-Forces-related coverage) are classified as having private insurance.
dPoor refers to family incomes at or below the Federal poverty line; near-poor, over the poverty line through 125 percent of the poverty line; low income, over 125 percent through 200 percent of the poverty line; middle income, over 200 percent to 400 percent of the poverty line; and high income, over 400 percent of the poverty line.
*Relative standard error equal to or greater than 30 percent.
Note:  Restricted to civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Source:  Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1997.
					
a Includes persons with unknown employment status and marital status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.

Note: Percents may not add to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 
Household Component, 1998.
Table 3.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Percent by type of coverage and perceived health status, United States, first half of 1998
Population
characteristic
Total population
in thousands
Private 
Public only
Uninsured
			            Percent distribution

Total under age 65a	236,214	70.4	11.8	17.8
Total age 65 and overa	32,082	55.3	43.8	0.9

Perceived health 
status, under age 65
Excellent	88,319	74.8	9.3	15.9
Very good	74,463	74.5	9.1	16.3
Good	52,443	65.3	13.8	20.8
Fair	15,459	53.8	23.1	23.2
Poor	5,283	41.2	36.0	22.8

Perceived health 
status, age 65 and over
Excellent	5,724	59.1	40.1	*0.8
Very good	8,213	61.4	37.6	*1.0
Good	9,597	55.5	43.3	*1.2
Fair	5,419	49.0	50.7	*0.3
Poor	2,567	42.7	55.9	*1.4
a Includes persons with unknown perceived health status.
* Relative standard error is greater than or equal to 30 percent.

Note: Percents may not add to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey  Household Component, 1998.
Table 4. Total population and uninsured persons under age 65: Percent by selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Population
characteristic
Total population
in thousands
Percent distribution
of population
Percent
uninsured
Percent distribution of
uninsured population
Totala 	236,214	100.0	17.8	100.0

Age in years
Under 4	15,817	6.7	13.1	4.9	
4-6 	11,843	5.0	14.1	4.0	
7-12	24,467	10.4	14.7	8.6
13-17	20,032	8.5	16.2	7.7
Total under 18 	72,160	30.5	14.7	25.2

18	3,729	1.6	20.1	1.8
19-24	20,779	8.8	31.8	15.7
25-29	18,881	8.0	27.4	12.3
30-34	20,123	8.5	20.8	10.0
35-54	78,598	33.3	15.1	28.2
55-64	21,944	9.3	12.9	6.8

Sex
Male	117,475	49.7	19.3	54.0
Female	118,740	50.3	16.3	46.0

Race/ethnicity				
Total Hispanic	29,108	12.3	33.3	23.1
Total black	30,999	13.1	22.1	16.3
Total white	166,299	70.4	14.1	55.9
Total other	9,808	4.2	20.5	4.7

   Hispanic male 	15,019	6.4	35.3	12.6
   Black male 	14,623	6.2	24.6	8.6
   White male	83,064	35.2	15.4	30.5
   Other male	4,768	2.0	20.2	2.3

   Hispanic female 	14,089	6.0	31.2	10.5
   Black female	16,375	6.9	19.9	7.8
   White female	83,235	35.2	12.8	25.4
   Other female	5,040	2.1	19.9	2.4

Marital statusb
Married	92,575	39.2	13.7	30.3
Widowed	3,071	1.3	23.1	1.7
Divorced	18,655	7.9	21.7	9.7
Separated	4,638	2.0	28.8	3.2
Never married	53,414	22.6	26.3	33.5
Table 4. Total population and uninsured persons under age 65: Percent by selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998 (continued)
Population
characteristic
Total population
in thousands
Percent distribution
of population
Percent
uninsured
Percent distribution of
uninsured population
Census region
Northeast	44,517	18.8	14.3	15.2
Midwest	55,004	23.3	13.0	17.0
South	82,594	35.0	21.4	42.0
West	54,100	22.9	20.0	25.8

Perceived health status
Excellent	88,319	37.4	15.9	33.5
Very good	74,463	31.6	16.3	29.0
Good	52,443	22.2	20.8	26.0
Fair	15,459	6.6	23.2	8.6
Poor	5,283	2.2	22.8	2.9
Technical Appendix
This data in this report were obtained in the third round of interviews for the Household Component (HC) of the 1997 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) and the first round of interviews from the 1998 MEPS HC. MEPS is cosponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). The MEPS HC is a nationally representative survey of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population that collects medical expenditure data at both the person and household levels. The focus of the MEPS HC is to collect detailed data on demographic characteristics, health conditions, health status, use of medical care services, charges and payments, access to care, satisfaction with care, health insurance coverage, income, and employment. In other components of MEPS, data are collected on the use, charges, and payments reported by providers; residents of licensed or certified nursing homes; and the supply side of the health insurance market.
The sample for the MEPS HC was selected from respondents to the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which was conducted by NCHS. NHIS provides a nationally representative sample of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population and reflects an oversampling of Hispanics and blacks. The MEPS HC collects data through an overlapping panel design. In this design, data are collected through a precontact interview that is followed by a series of five rounds of interviews over 21/2 years. Two calendar years of medical expenditure and utilization data are collected from each household and captured using computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). This series of data collection rounds is launched again each subsequent year on a new sample of households to provide overlapping panels of survey data which, when combined with other ongoing panels, will provide continuous and current estimates of health care expenditures. The reference period for Round 3 of the 1997 MEPS HC (Panel 2) was from the Round 2 interview date to the Round 3 interview date. The reference period for Round 1 of the 1998 MEPS HC (Panel 3) was from January 1, 1998, to the date of the Round 1 interview. Interviews for Panel 2 (Round 3) and Panel 3 (Round 1) were conducted from March to July 1998.
Derivation of Insurance Status Information 
The household respondent was asked if during the interview period anyone in the family was covered by any of the sources of public and private health insurance coverage discussed in the following paragraphs. For respondents in their third MEPS interview (Panel 2), previously reported insurance was reviewed to determine whether it was still in effect and when changes in insurance status had occurred. Although Panel 2 survey respondents were asked about their insurance information for part of 1997 as well as 1998, the insurance information in this report refers to coverage only in 1998. Medicare and TRICARE coverage were measured at the time of the interview. (TRICARE, the present military coverage, replaced CHAMPUS and CHAMPVA.) All other sources of insurance were measured for any time between January 1998 and the interview. Persons counted as uninsured were uninsured throughout this time period.
Public Coverage 
For this report, individuals were considered to have public coverage only if they met both of the following criteria: 
¥	They were not covered by private insurance. 
¥	They were covered by one of the public programs discussed below. 
Medicare 
Medicare is a federally financed health insurance plan for the elderly, persons receiving Social Security disability payments, and most persons with end-stage renal disease. Medicare Part A, which provides hospital insurance, is automatically given to those who are eligible for Social Security. Medicare Part B provides supplementary medical insurance that pays for medical expenses and can be purchased for a monthly premium. 
TRICARE 
TRICARE covers active-duty and retired members of the Uniformed Services and the spouses and children of active-duty, retired, and deceased members. Spouses and children of veterans who died from a service-connected disability or who are permanently disabled and not eligible for Medicare are covered by TRICARE. In this report, TRICARE coverage is considered to be public coverage. When persons covered by TRICARE reach age 65, their coverage generally ends and enrollees are eligible for Medicare. 
Medicaid 
Medicaid is a means-tested government program jointly financed by Federal and State funds that provides health care to those who are eligible. Program eligibility criteria vary significantly by State, but the program is designed to provide health coverage to families and individuals who are unable to afford necessary medical care. 
Other Public Hospital/Physician Coverage 
Respondents who did not report Medicaid coverage were asked if they were covered by any other public hospital/physician coverage. These questions were asked in an attempt to identify Medicaid recipients who might not have recognized their coverage as Medicaid as well as to identify children covered by the State ChildrenÕs Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). In this report, all coverage reported in this manner is considered public coverage. 
Private Health Insurance 
Private health insurance was defined for this report as insurance that provides coverage for hospital and physician care (including Medigap coverage). Insurance that provides coverage for a single service only, such as dental or vision coverage, was not counted. Private health insurance could have been obtained through an employer, union, self-employed business, directly from an insurance company or a health maintenance organization (HMO), through a group or association, or from someone outside the household. 
Uninsured 
The uninsured were defined as persons not covered by Medicare, TRICARE, Medicaid, other public hospital/physician programs, or private hospital/physician insurance (including Medigap coverage) during the period from January 1998 through the time of the interview. Individuals covered only by noncomprehensive State-specific programs (e.g., Maryland Kidney Disease Program) or private single-service plans (e.g., coverage for dental or vision care only, coverage for accidents or specific diseases) were not considered to be insured. 
Health Insurance Edits 
For the Round 1 (Panel 3) sample, minimal editing was performed on sources of public coverage and no edits were performed on the private coverage variables. For Round 3 (Panel 2), most of the insurance variables were logically edited to address issues that arose during Rounds 2 and 3 when reviewing insurance reported in earlier rounds. The health insurance data were edited as described below. 
Medicare 
Medicare coverage was edited for persons age 65 and over but not for persons under age 65. Persons age 65 and over were assigned Medicare coverage if they met one of the following criteria: 
¥	They answered ÒyesÓ to a followup question on whether they had received Social Security benefits. 
¥	They were covered by Medicaid, other public hospital/physician coverage, or Medigap coverage. 
¥	Their spouse was age 65 or over and covered by Medicare. 
¥	They were covered by TRICARE. 
Medicaid 
This report does not distinguish among sources of public insurance. Medicaid or other public hospital/physician coverage was included when considering whether an individual was covered only by public insurance.
TRICARE
Respondents age 65 and over who reported TRICARE coverage were instead classified as covered by Medicare.
Private Health Insurance 
Private insurance coverage was unedited and unimputed for Round 1 (Panel 3). For Round 3 (Panel 2), most of the insurance variables were logically edited to address issues that arose during Rounds 2 and 3 when reviewing insurance reported in earlier rounds. One edit to the private insurance variables corrected for a problem concerning covered benefits when respondents reported a change in any of their health insurance plan names. Additional edits addressed issues of missing data on the time period of coverage.
Individuals were considered to be covered by private insurance if the insurance provided coverage for hospital/physician care. Medigap plans were included. Individuals covered by single-service plans only (e.g., dental, vision, or drug plans) were not considered to be privately insured. Sources of insurance with missing information regarding the type of coverage were assumed to contain hospital/physician coverage. 
Population Characteristics 
Place of Residence 
Individuals were identified as residing either inside or outside a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) as designated by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which applied 1990 standards using population counts from the 1990 U.S. census. An MSA is a large population nucleus combined with adjacent communities that have a high degree of economic and social integration within the nucleus. Each MSA has one or more central counties containing the areaÕs main population concentration. In New England, metropolitan areas consist of cities and towns rather than whole counties. Regions of residence are in accordance with the U.S. Bureau of the Census definition. 
Race/Ethnicity 
Classification by race and ethnicity was based on information reported for each household member. Respondents were asked if their race was best described as American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, black, white, or other. They were also asked if their main national origin or ancestry was Puerto Rican; Cuban; Mexican, Mexicano, Mexican American, or Chicano; other Latin American; or other Spanish. All persons who claimed main national origin or ancestry in one of these Hispanic groups, regardless of racial background, were classified as Hispanic. Since the Hispanic grouping can include black Hispanic, white Hispanic, and other Hispanic, the race categories of black, white, and other do not include Hispanic. 
Employment Status 
Persons were considered to be employed if they were age 16 and over, and had a job for pay, owned a business, or worked without pay in a family business at the time of the Round 1 or Round 3 interview.
Sample Design and Accuracy of Estimates 
MEPS is designed to produce estimates at the national and regional level over time for the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States and some subpopulations of interest. Each MEPS panel collects data covering a 2-year period, with the first three MEPS panels spanning 1996-97, 1997-98 and 1998-99, respectively. In this report, data from the 1998 portion of the third round of data collection for the MEPS Panel 2 sample are pooled with data from the first round of data collection for the MEPS Panel 3 sample (far right portion of Figure A).
The statistics presented in this report are affected by both sampling error and sources of nonsampling error, which include nonresponse bias, respondent reporting errors, interviewer effects, and data processing misspecifications. For a detailed description of the MEPS survey design, the adopted sample design, and methods used to minimize sources of nonsampling error, see Cohen (1997) and Cohen, Monheit, Beauregard, et al. (1996). The MEPS person-level estimation weights include nonresponse adjustments and poststratification adjustments to population estimates derived from the March 1998 Current Population Survey (CPS) based on cross-classifications by region, MSA status, age, race/ethnicity, and sex.
Tests of statistical significance were used to determine whether the differences between populations exist at specified levels of confidence or whether they occurred by chance. Differences were tested using Z-scores having asymptotic normal properties at the 0.05 level of significance. Unless otherwise noted, only statistical differences between estimates are discussed in the text. 
Figure A. Overlapping panel design of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Panel 2
At its beginning in 1997, MEPS Panel 2 consisted of a sample of 6,281 households, a nationally representative subsample of the households responding to the 1996 National Health Interview Survey. The 1996 NHIS sampled Hispanic and black households at approximately 2.0 and 1.5 times the rate of other households, respectively.  These oversampling rates are also reflected in the MEPS sample of households. The sample design for Panel 2 also oversampled the following policy-relevant groups (classified based on 1996 NHIS data) to produce more reliable estimates for these groups:  
¥	Adults (age 18 and over) with functional impairments (difficulty with one or more activities of daily living). 
¥	Children (under age 18) with limitations in activity. 
¥	Individuals ages 18-64 expected to incur high medical expenditures in 1997. 
¥	Individuals predicted to reside in low-income households (below 200 percent of poverty level). 
¥	Adults (age 18 and over) with health limitations other than functional impairments (difficulty with one or more instrumental activities of daily living). 
More specifically, a hierarchical sampling scheme was used to select the MEPS sample.  Among the NHIS households that were candidates for the MEPS sample, all those having at least one member in groups 1-3 were selected.  Among the remaining households, those that contained at least one member in groups 4 or 5 were subsampled at a rate of .6.  Finally, households that were not in any of the five groups were subsampled at a rate of .3. 
The overall MEPS Panel 2 response rate at the end of Round 3 (when data were collected for the first part of 1998) was 67.9 percent.  This overall rate reflects response to both the 1996 NHIS interview and the MEPS interviews for Rounds 1-3.
Panel 3
At the beginning in 1998, MEPS Panel 3 consisted of a sample of 5,166 households, a nationally representative subsample of the households responding to the 1997 National Health Interview Survey. Like the first MEPS sample for 1997 (Panel 2), the Panel 3 sample reflects the oversampling of Hispanic and black households.
The overall MEPS Panel 3 response rate at the end of Round 1 (when data were collected for the first part of 1998) was 75.3 percent.  This overall rate reflects response to the 1997 NHIS interview and the MEPS Round 1 interview.
Combined Panel Response 
Each panel was given approximately equal weight in the development of sampling weights to produce national estimates.  Therefore, a pooled response rate for the survey respondents in this data set can be obtained by taking an average of the panel-specific response rates.   This pooled response rate for the combined panels is 71.6 percent.
Rounding 
Estimates presented in the tables were rounded to the nearest 0.1 percent. Standard errors, presented in Tables B-F, were rounded to the nearest 0.01. Population estimates in Tables 1-4 and Table A were rounded to the nearest thousand. Therefore, some of the estimates presented in the tables for population totals of subgroups will not add exactly to the overall estimated population total. 
Comparisons With Other Data Sources 
Other Surveys
Because of methodological differences, caution should be used when comparing these data with data from other sources. For example, CPS measures persons who are uninsured for a full year; NHIS measures persons who lack insurance at a given point in timeÑthe month before the interview. The CPS interview that contains information on the health insurance status of the population is conducted annually, and NHIS collects insurance data on a continuous basis each year. In addition, unlike MEPS, CPS counts as insured military veterans whose source of health care is the Department of Veterans Affairs. CPS also counts children of adults covered by Medicaid as insured. For these preliminary estimates, MEPS did not consider these children insured unless their families reported them as such. 
1997 MEPS Data
Users interested in comparing the 1997 and 1998 MEPS health insurance estimates should be aware that the standard errors presented in the tables do not account for the fact that the estimates are not independent. By design, the 1997 MEPS panel respondents are present in both the 1997 and 1998 sample populations. Users should also be aware of questionnaire wording differences in the Rounds 1 and 3 MEPS interviews. The questionnaire for the Round 3 interviews includes reviews of previously reported sources of health insurance coverage.
Table A.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Population estimates by type of coverage and selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Population
characteristic
Total
population
Any
coverage
Any private
coverage
Public only
Uninsured
		                  Number in thousands

Totala	268,297	226,032	184,144	41,888	42,264
Total under age 65a	236,214	194,249	166,400	27,848	41,966

Age in years
Under 4	15,817	13,752	9,393	4,359	2,066
4-6 	11,843	10,170	7,292	2,878	1,673
7-12	24,467	20,870	16,295	4,575	3,597
13-17	20,032	16,787	13,972	2,815	3,245
Total under 18	72,160	61,579	46,953	14,626	10,580

18 	3,729	2,978	2,520	cÑ	cÑ	
19-24	20,779	14,180	12,279 	1,900	6,600
25-29	18,881	13,703	12,172	1,531	5,178
30-34	20,123	15,945	14,314	1,631	4,178
35-54	78,598	66,753	61,453	5,317	11,846
55-64	21,944	19,111	16,726	2,384	2,834
65 and over	32,082	31,783	17,744	14,040	cÑ

Employment statusb
Employed	133,653	112,074	106,106	5,969	21,578
Not employed	70,133	58,994	36,737	22,257	11,139

Sex
Male	130,999	108,235	90,260	17,975	22,764
Female	137,298	117,797	93,884	23,913	19,501

Race/ethnicity
Total Hispanic	30,726	20,960	14,420	6,540	9,766
Total black	33,643	26,724	16,897	9,827	6,919
Total white	193,489	169,915	146,461	23,454	23,573
Total other	10,439	8,433	6,367	2,067	2,006

Census region
Northeast	51,205	44,703	36,257	8,446	6,502
Midwest	62,723	55,543	47,746	7,797	7,180
South	94,014	76,336	60,931	15,405	17,678
West	60,355	49,450	39,211	10,239	10,905
a Includes persons with unknown employment status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.
c Sample size too small to produce reliable estimates.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, 1998.
Table B.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Standard errors by type of coverage and selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Corresponds to Table 1
Population 
characteristic
Private
Public only
Uninsured
		                                    Standard error	
Totala	0.71	0.51	0.46
Total under age 65a	0.74	0.51	0.51

Age in years
Under 4	1.78	1.55	1.12
4-6 	1.87	1.79	1.17
7-12	1.44	1.24	0.98
13-17	1.65	1.12	1.27
Total under 18	1.10	0.97	0.71

18 	3.03	2.00	2.46
19-24	1.60	0.85	1.40
25-29	1.65	0.82	1.31
30-34	1.28	0.81	1.18
35-54	0.76	0.40	0.59
55-64	1.20	0.78	0.96
65 and over	1.39	1.38	0.18

Employment statusb
Employed	0.63	0.27	0.54
Not employed	1.04	0.91	0.64

Sex
Male	0.78	0.57	0.50
Female	0.75	0.55	0.49

Race/ethnicity
Total Hispanic	1.52	1.13	1.31
Total black	1.59	1.60	0.98
Total white	0.68	0.46	0.51
Total other	3.59	3.02	2.80

   Hispanic male 	1.67	1.26	1.42
   Black male 	2.15	1.94	1.25
   White male	0.76	0.52	0.56
   Other male	4.03	3.40	3.13

   Hispanic female 	1.80	1.37	1.51
   Black female	1.61	1.65	1.24
   White female	0.77	0.55	0.56
   Other female	3.90	3.32	2.99
Table B.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Standard errors by type of coverage and selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998 (continued)
Corresponds to Table 1
Population 
 characteristic
	Private
	Public only
	Uninsured
		                                 Standard error	

Marital statusb
Married	0.77	0.44	0.56
Widowed	1.82	1.75	0.81
Divorced	1.27	1.10	1.11
Separated	3.00	2.18	2.39
Never married	1.09	0.71	0.87

Metropolitan statistical 
area (MSA)
MSA	0.82	0.57	0.52
Non-MSA	1.54	0.97	1.23

Census region
Northeast	1.47	0.97	0.90
Midwest	1.49	0.88	0.96
South	1.22	0.90	0.85
West	1.44	1.15	0.90
a Includes persons with unknown employment status and marital status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Household Component, 1998.
Table C.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population under age 65: Standard errors by type of coverage and selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Corresponds to Table 2
Population
characteristic
Private
Public only
Uninsured
	  	                              Standard error
Totala	0.74	0.51	0.51

Employment statusb			
Employed	0.62	0.25	0.55
Not employed	1.28	1.02	0.93

Sex
Male	0.81	0.56	0.55
Female	0.78	0.56	0.55

Race/ethnicity
Total Hispanic	1.60	1.17	1.37
Total black	1.65	1.62	1.04
Total white	0.71	0.43	0.58
Total other	3.71	3.07	2.89

   Hispanic male 	1.71	1.25	1.47
   Black male 	2.21	2.01	1.35
   White male	0.80	0.47	0.62
   Other male	4.22	3.56	3.28

   Hispanic female 	1.90	1.41	1.60
   Black female	1.70	1.61	1.30
   White female	0.78	0.52	0.66
   Other female	3.96	3.18	3.10

Marital statusb
Married	0.77	0.34	0.65
Widowed	3.69	2.40	2.88
Divorced	1.32	1.05	1.22
Separated	3.11	2.15	2.50
Never married	1.09	0.66	0.88

Metropolitan 
statistical area (MSA)
MSA	0.86	0.57	0.56
Non-MSA	1.61	0.99	1.43

Census region
Northeast	1.57	1.02	1.01
Midwest	1.51	0.90	1.11
South	1.33	0.93	0.91
West	1.46	1.11	0.98
a Includes persons with unknown employment status and marital status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, 1998.
Table D.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Standard errors by type of coverage and perceived health status, United States, first half of 1998
Corresponds to Table 3
Population
characteristic
Private
Public only
Uninsured
		                                   Standard error	

Total under age 65a	0.74	0.51	0.51
Total age 65 and overa	1.39	1.38	0.18

Perceived health status, 
under age 65
Excellent	0.91	0.60	0.67
Very good	0.88	0.57	0.76
Good	1.14	0.80	0.88
Fair	1.75	1.37	1.56
Poor	2.52	2.48	2.09

Perceived health status, 
age 65 and over
Excellent	3.19	3.22	*0.48
Very good	2.42	2.40	*0.40
Good	2.28	2.27	*0.39
Fair	3.01	3.02	*0.23
Poor	2.94	2.92	*0.67
a Includes persons with unknown perceived health status.
* Relative standard error is greater than or equal to 30 percent.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, 1998.
Table E.  Total population and uninsured persons under age 65: Standard errors by selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Corresponds to Table 4
Population
characteristic
Percent distribution
of population
Percent
uninsured
Percent distribution
of uninsured population
		                        Standard error

Totala 	Ñ	0.51	Ñ

Age in years
Under  4	0.20	1.12	0.39
4-6 	0.17	1.17	0.32
7-12	0.24	0.98	0.54
13-17	0.23	1.27	0.58
Total under 18 	0.39	0.71	0.89

18	0.12	2.46	0.24
19-24	0.26	1.40	0.75
25-29	0.31	1.31	0.65
30-34	0.26	1.18	0.57
35-54	0.40	0.59	0.79
55-64	0.35 	0.96	0.52

Sex
Male	0.33	0.55	0.72
Female	0.33	0.55	0.72

Race/ethnicity
Total Hispanic	0.57	1.37	1.32
Total black	0.82	1.04	1.24
Total white	0.99	0.58	1.62
Total other	0.38	2.89	0.76

   Hispanic male 	0.31	1.47	0.77
   Black male 	0.39	1.35	0.73
   White male	0.58	0.62	1.09
   Other male	0.22	3.28	0.41

   Hispanic female 	0.28	1.60	0.67
   Black female	0.46	1.30	0.69
   White female	0.59	0.66	1.00
   Other female	0.20	3.10	0.44

Marital statusb
Married	0.45	0.65	1.00
Widowed	0.10	2.88	0.23
Divorced	0.26	1.22	0.65
Separated	0.14	2.50	0.33
Never married	0.39	0.88	1.05
Table E. Total population and uninsured persons under age 65: Standard errors by selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998 (continued)
Corresponds to Table 4 


Population
characteristic

Percent distribution
of population

Percent
uninsured

Percent distribution
of uninsured population
		                               Standard error

Census region
Northeast	1.09	1.01	1.37
Midwest	0.96	1.11	1.42
South	1.22	0.91	1.78
West	1.08	0.98	1.33

Perceived health status
Excellent	0.64	0.67	1.16
Very good	0.51	0.76	1.07
Good	0.48	0.88	1.09
Fair	0.19	1.56	0.64
Poor	0.12	2.09	0.31
a Includes persons with unknown marital status and perceived health status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, 1998.
Table F.  Health insurance coverage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population: Standard errors by type of coverage and selected population characteristics, United States, first half of 1998
Corresponds to Table A	
Population
characteristic
Any coverage
Any private
coverage

Public only
Uninsured
			Standard error in thousands

Totala	5,654	5,221	1,447	1,469
Total under age 65a	5,093	4,845	1,249	1,461

Age in years
Under 4	577	499	278	184
4-6 	498	416	246	157
7-12	708	675	311	261
13-17	656	621	236	267
Total under 18	1,814	1,635	756	555

18 	258	235	Ñ	Ñ	
19-24	634	612	181	385
25-29	771	743	161	332
30-34	704	657	173	277
35-54	1,899	1,840	329	532
55-64	874	804	191	221
65 and over	1,149	822	632	Ñ

Employment statusb
Employed	3,271	3,192	373	833
Not employed	1,623	1,251	837	520

Sex
Male	2,905	2,723	783	812
Female	2,933	2,662	825	775

Race/ethnicity
Total Hispanic	1,061	740	521	591
Total black	1,669	1,089	867	579
Total white	5,216	4,689	1,080	1,122
Total other	832	727	349	344

Census region
Northeast	2,921	2,506	699	644
Midwest	2,499	2,331	619	658
South	3,114	2,919	850	1,002
West	2,913	2,714	674	602
a Includes persons with unknown employment status.
b For individuals age 16 and over.
Ð Sample size too small to produce reliable estimates.

Source: Center for Cost and Financing Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, 1998.