Skip to main content
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STATISTICAL BRIEF #550:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pradip K. Muhuri, PhD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Highlights
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IntroductionIn 2020, heart disease accounted for 20.6 percent of deaths in the United States,1 and about 6.1 percent of annual healthcare expenditures for adults in the civilian noninstitutionalized population were for the treatment of heart disease. This Statistical Brief examines the receipt of any treatment for heart disease by select characteristics of the population, presents healthcare expenditures on heart disease by type of medical service, and examines the share of expenses by service categories and sources of payment among adults in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population based on the 2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component (MEPS-HC). All estimates are weighted to account for nonresponse and the complex survey design of MEPS-HC. Only differences between statistically significant estimates at the 0.05 level are discussed in the text. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FindingsAdults who received any heart disease treatment by demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (figures 1 and 2)In 2020, an estimated 8.1 percent of adults aged 18 years and older in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population (about 20.7 million adults) received any heart disease treatment.2 This percentage was highest for those aged 65 and older (23.9 percent, or an estimated 13.9 million individuals), followed by adults aged 45-64 (6.3 percent, or an estimated 5.2 million individuals) and those aged 18-44 (1.4 percent or an estimated 1.6 million individuals).About 1 of every 10 non-Hispanic White adults (9.8 percent) received any heart disease treatment. This percentage was lower for non-Hispanic Blacks (6.9 percent), followed by non-Hispanic Asians (4.5 percent) and Hispanics (4.2 percent). Men were more likely than women to receive any heart disease treatment (9.1 versus 7.2 percent). A higher percentage of adults in poor- and low-income families had any heart disease treatment (10.3 and 9.7 percent, respectively) compared with those in families with middle or high incomes (8.2 and 7.1 percent, respectively). About 8-9 percent of adults received any heart disease treatment in each geographic region, except the West, where only 6.6 percent received medical care for this condition. Type of medical service for heart disease treatment (figure 3)Among adults treated for heart disease, 70.9 percent had prescribed drug expenses, and over three-fifths (61.4 percent) had one or more visits to an office-based medical provider. Relatively smaller proportions had one or more hospital outpatient visits (17.8 percent), emergency room visits (13.1 percent), inpatient hospital stays (10.5 percent), and home health services (5.5 percent).Heart disease treatment expenditures overall and by type of medical service (figure 4)Among adults treated for heart disease, annual heart disease treatment expenditures3 had a median of $590 and a mean of $5,540 per adult treated for heart disease. Among the various medical service categories considered, median heart disease treatment expenses were the highest for inpatient hospital stays ($14,850 across all adults with inpatient treatment for heart disease), followed by home health services ($3,810 across all adults with home health services for heart disease). The median yearly expense estimates were similar for emergency room visits and hospital outpatient visits ($560 and $580 with emergency room visits and hospital outpatient visits, respectively) and lower for office-based visits ($340 with office-based visits), but lowest for prescribed medicines ($130 with prescribed medicine purchases for heart disease). In each medical service category, mean expenses were much higher than median expenses because a relatively small proportion of adults had very high expenses.Percent distribution of heart disease treatment expenses by type of service (figure 5)In 2020, an estimated $114.9 billion was spent on treatment related to heart disease among adults in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. The largest portion (48.7 percent) of these expenses was for hospital inpatient care. Shares were 16.1 percent of the total for prescribed drugs, 14.6 percent for office-based visits, 9.0 percent for home health services, 8.3 percent for hospital outpatient visits, and 3.3 percent for emergency department visits.Percent distribution of heart disease treatment expenses by source of payment (figure 6)In 2020, Medicare and private health insurance combined paid 79.1 percent of heart disease treatment expenses (Medicare paid 48.0 percent, and private health insurance paid 31.2 percent). Medicaid paid about 1.9 percent, followed by out-of-pocket payments (5.3 percent) and payments by other sources (4.6 percent). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data SourceThis Statistical Brief uses the following 2020 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) public use files: (a) Medical Conditions File (HC-222), (b) Condition-Event Link File (HC-213IF1), (c) Office-Based Medical Provider Visits File (HC-220G), (d) Outpatient Visits File (HC-220F), (e) Emergency Room Visits File (HC-220E), (f) Prescribed Medicines File (HC-220A), (g) Hospital Inpatient Stays File (HC-220D), (h) Home Health File (HC-220H), and (i) Full-Year Consolidated Data File (HC-224). These data files are publicly available at https://meps.ahrq.gov/data_stats/download_data_files.jsp. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DefinitionsHeart diseaseMEPS-HC conditions reported by households were coded into International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes, which were then collapsed into Clinical Classifications Software Refined (CCSR) categories. The following specific CCSR categories were combined to create the broader condition category of heart disease.
Types of medical services
Sources of payment are classified into five categories:
Expenditures for heart disease treatmentExpenses reported in this Brief were defined as associated with heart disease if a medical visit, stay, service, or purchase of a prescribed medicine was for treatment of heart disease. For each event, all expenditures were counted as expenditures for heart disease if the event was reported as associated with heart disease, even if other conditions were also reported. The report aggregates heart disease treatment costs across service categories to create a person-level total for each payment source. It also aggregates heart disease treatment costs at the individual level for each of the six medical services and for all services combined.AgeIndividuals were classified into three age groups (i.e., 18-44, 45-64, and 65 and older). Data on age are based on the sample person's age at the end of the year. However, if the MEPS-HC did not collect the age data during a data collection round due to the sample person being out of scope (e.g., deceased or institutionalized), it then used the age data collected at the time of the previous round to determine the person's age.Race/ethnicityMEPS respondents were asked if each family member was Hispanic or Latino and about each member's race. Based on this information, categories of race and Hispanic origin were constructed as follows:
IncomeIncome was classified into the following four categories based on the ratio of total family income to the federal poverty line (FPL), adjusted for family size and composition:
Census regionCensus region (categories shown below) was based on the location of the household at the end of the year. If missing at the end of the year, the location from a previous MEPS data collection round was used.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
About MEPSThe Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component (MEPS-HC) collects nationally representative data on healthcare use, expenditures, sources of payment, and insurance coverage for the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. The MEPS-HC is cosponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). More information about the MEPS-HC can be found on the MEPS website at https://www.meps.ahrq.gov/. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ReferencesFor a detailed description of the MEPS-HC survey design, sample design, and methods used to minimize sources of nonsampling error, see the following publications:Cohen, J Design and Methods of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component. MEPS Methodology Report #1. AHCPR Pub. No. 97-0026. July 1997. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), Rockville, MD. https://meps.ahrq.gov/data_files/publications/mr1/mr1.shtml |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suggested CitationMuhuri, P. K. Healthcare Expenditures for Heart Disease among Adults Aged 18 and Older in the U.S. Civilian Noninstitutionalized Population, 2020. Statistical Brief #550. September 2023. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. https://meps.ahrq.gov/data_files/publications/st550/stat550.shtmlAHRQ welcomes questions and comments from readers of this publication who are interested in obtaining more information about access, cost, use, financing, and quality of healthcare in the United States. We also invite you to tell us how you are using this Statistical Brief and other MEPS data and tools and to share suggestions on how MEPS products might be enhanced to further meet your needs. Please email us at MEPSProjectDirector@ahrq.hhs.gov or send a letter to the address below: Joel W. Cohen, PhD, Director Center for Financing, Access and Cost Trends Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 5600 Fishers Lane, Mailstop 07W41A Rockville, MD 20857 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 1. Percentage of adults aged 18 and older who received any heart disease treatment by demographic characteristics, 2020
1 95% CI stands for the 95% confidence interval. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 2. Percentage of adults aged 18 and older who received any heart disease treatment by income and region, 2020
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Household Component, 2020. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 3. Percentage who received various medical services among adults aged 18 and older treated for heart disease, 2020
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Household Component, 2020. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 4. Mean expenditures1 per person and median expenditures1 for heart disease treatment, overall and by type of medical service, among adults aged 18 and older treated for heart disease, 2020
1 The estimates are rounded to the nearest $10; however, the corresponding 95% CI's lower and upper values in parentheses are rounded to the nearest integer. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 5. Percent distribution of heart disease treatment expenses by type of medical service among adults aged 18 and older treated for heart disease, 2020
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Household Component, 2020.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure 6. Percent distribution of heart disease treatment expenses by source of payment among adults aged 18 and older treated for heart disease, 2020
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Household Component, 2020.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Ahmad FB, Anderson RN. The Leading Causes of Death in the US for 2020. JAMA. 2021 May 11;325(18):1829-1830. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.5469. PubMed PMID: 33787821; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8145781. 2 Percentage equals direct medical spending (excluding expenses for dental/vision and other medical equipment or services) for treatment of heart disease ($114.9 billion) multiplied by 100 over total healthcare expenditures ($1,889 billion) for adults aged 18 and older in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population (Medical Expenditure Panel Survey-Household Component, 2020). See Definitions at the end of the brief for the Clinical Classification Software Refined categories identifying heart disease. 3 These expenditures are the sum of the treatment costs across medical service categories for heart disease, excluding dental visits and other medical equipment and services (e.g., eyeglasses, contact lenses, ambulance services, orthopedic items, hearing devices). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|